We experimentally explore the Jarzynski and Wójcik quantum fluctuation relation (QFR) and also study the Thermodynamic Uncertainty Relation (TUR) for heat-exchange in a two qubit system using a nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) setup. For the study of QFR we implement an ancilla based interferometric technique. We experimentally emulate two models with energy—(i) preserving, XY-coupling model, (ii) non-preserving, XX-coupling model — and analyze the regimes of validity and violation of the fluctuation symmetry with uncorrelated and correlated initial states. For the XY-coupling model, we further analyze the TUR. Using quantum state tomography (QST), we obtain the cumulants and study the bounds involved in the relative uncertainties in the heat exchange process. We experimentally explore the regions of violation of TUR under certain regimes of operation and compare them with the theoretical predictions. We believe these experimental studies give a better insight and understanding of the heat exchange in quantum systems.

References:

[1] Pal, S., Mahesh, T. S., & Agarwalla, B. K. (2019). Physical Review A, 100(4), 042119.

[2] Pal, Soham, et al. Physical Review Research 2.2 (2020): 022044.